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Jagoran canjin

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Shigar da lokacin Unix

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Fitar

UTC, yankinki na cikin gida, Tokyo, New York, da London tsohuwa
Nuna a yankunan lokaci

    Lokacin Unix yana iko da kusan kowane aikin injiniyan software: ma'auni na AWS CloudWatch an naɗe su da dakiƙa na epoch, layin log ɗin GitHub Actions suna sanya hannu da kirtanin RFC 3339, da'awar `iat` da `exp` a cikin kowane JWT suna amfani da dakiƙa na epoch, da Stripe API yana yin rikodin kowane cajin tare da filin `created` da aka bayyana a matsayin lokacin Unix. Wannan mai canza yana fassara tsakanin dakiƙa na epoch, milliseconds na epoch, ISO 8601 tare da daidaita, da kirtanin harshe masu fahimtar yankin lokaci gaba ɗaya a cikin mai bincike — mai amfani yayin bincika tukunci na samarwa.

    // Kayan Aikin da ke Da Alaƙa

    ./base64-encoder
    Base64 Mai Ɓoyewa
    Ɓoye rubutu da fayiloli zuwa tsarin Base64.
    →
    ./url-encoder
    Mai Ɓoye URL
    Ɓoye kirtanin da % don tura lafiya a cikin URL.
    →
    ./json-formatter
    Mai Tsara JSON
    Tsara, tabbatar, da rage JSON a cikin burauzarka.
    →
    ./
    Duk Kayan Aiki
    Duba cikakkun kayan aikin Ultim8Soft na online.
    →

    Menene lokacin Unix?

    A lokacin Unix shine adadin dakiƙa (ko milliseconds) da suka wuce tun epoch na Unix — 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z. Shi ne hanyar canonical don wakiltar lokaci a cikin fayilolin log, amsa na API, ginshiƙan bayanan bayanai, da da'awar JWT. Wannan mai canza yana nuna lokaci a lokaci ɗaya a cikin UTC, yankinki na cikin gida, da kowane yankin IANA da ka ƙara, kuma yana canza a jagorori biyu — duka a cikin mai bincike, ba tare da buƙatun cibiyar sadarwa ba.

    Yaya canza lokacin Unix ke aiki?

    Kayan aiki yana gudanar da tsarin ƙanƙana, na tabbatarwa wanda ke kwaikwayon ɗabi'ar Date na asali da Intl.DateTimeFormat na dandali:

    1. Gano girma. Kowane shigarwa na lamba fiye da 1012 ana ɗaukar sa a matsayin milliseconds; duk abin ƙarami ana ɗaukar sa a matsayin dakiƙa. 1700000000 ana karanta shi a matsayin dakiƙa, 1700000000000 ana karanta shi a matsayin milliseconds, kuma duka biyun suna warware zuwa lokaci iri ɗaya.
    2. Gina lokaci. Ana ninka ƙimar da aka gano zuwa milliseconds idan ana buƙata, sannan ana mika su zuwa new Date(ms). Sakamakon lokaci ɗaya ne na asali na dandali wanda bai ɗauke da yankin lokacin sa — koyaushe lokaci ne a kan layin lokaci na duniya.
    3. Nuna yankin lokaci da yawa. Don kowane yanki mai aiki a cikin zaɓen, kayan aiki yana kiran Intl.DateTimeFormat tare da wannan yanki don samar da kallaye guda huɗu na daidaito — ISO 8601 tare da daidaita daidai, kirtanin irin RFC 2822, sifar dogon harshe masu fahimtar harshe, da jumlar lokacin dangi kamar "mintoci 3 da suka wuce".
    4. Juyin Kwanan wata → Lokaci. Lokacin da ka sauya jagora, kayan aiki yana karanta ƙimar agogon-bangon datetime-local da ƙari da yankin da aka zaɓa, yana lissafin daidaita yankin a wannan lokacin bangon, kuma yana canza baya zuwa lokacin UTC. Fitar ana nuna shi a matsayin dakiƙa na unix da milliseconds na unix biyu tare da maɓallan kwafi daban-daban.
    5. Mai buga kai tsaye. Kunna "Kai tsaye" yana farawa da madaukin setInterval(tick, 1000) wanda ke sake nuna kowane sel kowane dakiƙa; kashe shi yana share tazara kuma yana daskarewa nuni. Aya mai bugun yana kwaikwayon kwangilar yanayin-kai-tsaye ma'auni da ake amfani da shi a duk kayan aikin Ultim8Soft.

    Me ya sa amfani da wannan mai canza lokacin Unix?

    • Sirri tsohuwa. Shafin baya yin kiran cibiyar sadarwa bayan lodin takardar farko. Lokacinka bai bar tab ɗin ba — buɗe DevTools, danna Canza, kuma panel ɗin Network zai kasance shiru.
    • Dakiƙa da milliseconds a cikin akwatin ɗaya. Ba ƙarin tsammani wane rukunin layin log ɗin ka ke amfani da shi; mai gano girma yana zaɓar rukunin daidai kuma yana gaya maka wanda ya zaɓa.
    • Yankunan lokaci da yawa a ɗan kallo. Kwatanta lokacin biyan kuɗi a cikin UTC, teburin injiniya a Tokyo, allon abokin ciniki a New York, da gwanin bincike a London — duka a nuni ɗaya, ba lissafi na kalandar ba.
    • Fitar da ta dace da RFC. ISO 8601 yana amfani da daidaita yankin daidai, RFC 2822 yana bin sifar al'ada, da kallo na harshen cikin gida yana amfani da harshen da mai bincike ɗinka ya fi so. Lambobi iri ɗaya, tsare-tsare huɗu, babu mamaki na zagaye.

    Waɗanne amfani na gama-gari na lokacin Unix akwai?

    Ko'ina tsari ke rubuta lokaci a matsayin lamba, mai canza lokacin Unix shi ne kayan aiki na farko da ka kai:

    • Debugging layin log. Log ɗin aiki daga journald, CloudWatch, Datadog, ko Sentry koyaushe yana ɗauke da ginshiƙin epoch. Liƙa shi a nan don ganin lokacin agogon-bangon daidai a cikin yankin injiniya kan-kira da yankin abokin ciniki a nuni ɗaya.
    • Fassara da'awar JWT. Da'awar iat da exp a cikin Token na Yanar Gizo na JSON alamu ne na unix-dakiƙa. Jefa su a nan don ganin lokacin da aka bayar da token da lokacin yana ƙarewa — a dakiƙa, milliseconds, ISO 8601, da lokacin dangi, gefen da gefen.
    • Kwatanta alamu na lokacin amsa na API. REST da payload na webhook suna fitar da alamu a rukunin da ba su dace ba — Stripe yana amfani da dakiƙa, Shopify yana amfani da milliseconds, GitHub yana amfani da kirtanin ISO. Canza lambar asali don tabbatar daidaituwa da layin oda, log ɗin bincike, da rasiti da abokin ciniki ke iya gani.

    Yaya misali na lokacin Unix ke kama?

    Ka ɗauki lokaci 1700000000. Mai gano girma yana karantarsa a matsayin dakiƙa (yana zaune ƙasa da 1012), don haka kayan aiki yana gina new Date(1700000000 * 1000) — lokacin 2023-11-14T22:13:20.000Z. Katunan UTC yana nuna kirtanin ISO, sifar RFC 2822 (Tue, 14 Nov 2023 22:13:20 GMT), sifar dogon harshen cikin gida, da jumlar dangi da aka ƙidaya daga agogonka na yanzu. Katunan Tokyo yana nuna lokaci iri ɗaya a matsayin 2023-11-15T07:13:20.000+09:00, katunan New York a matsayin 2023-11-14T17:13:20.000-05:00, da katunan London a matsayin 2023-11-14T22:13:20.000+00:00. Ciyar da ƙimar iri ɗaya a matsayin 1700000000000 a cikin milliseconds kuma za ka sami nuni iri ɗaya — mai gano girma yana sarrafa canzawar rukunin a shiru.

    Wannan Mai Canza Lokacin Unix yana yin aiki guda ɗaya: canza lamba zuwa lokaci, ko lokaci zuwa lamba, a cikin kowane yankin lokaci da kake kulawa da shi, ba tare da aika ƙima a ko'ina ba. Liƙa, danna, kwafi, ci gaba.